The individual dimension of patients’ rights comprises a large number of subjective rights that a patient can assert, if necessary, by means of legal action. These include, in particular, the right to medical treatment, the right to choose a doctor and clinic (free choice of hospital), the right to information and the decision to accept or refuse treatment, the right to access medical records, hospital and care documents, the right to protection of privacy and of personal medical data.

These individual rights are complemented by other rights (e.g., in institutional care the right to contact with the outside world and the right to leave the health facility at any time), the right to safe care and compensation in the event of injury to life and health by the health care system or one of its actors, or the right to decide the fate of the remains (to accept or refuse an autopsy or to refuse organ removal, and more).